Glucose Homeostasis can be Maintained by a Direct Effect on Beta Cell Apoptosis

Blood glucose levels reflect a balance between rates of production and usage. Despite large variation in the parameters that set these rates, the levels of glucose remain within a tight range between non diabetic individuals. We show that a direct ultrasensitive effect of glucose on beta cell apoptosis around the glucose set point allows this robust control to take place, and explore the molecular mechanism underlying it. In addition, we look at glucotoxicity and explore its relation to diabetes and possible evolutionary advantage.